Botswana has a wide collection of audiovisual materials. These include photographic collections, compact cassettes, open reel magnetic tapes, photographic negatives, video tapes, maps, slides, black and white films, colour films, LPs, CDs and DVDs and migrated archives on microfilms. The audiovisual materials are stored at the Botswana National Archives and Records Services and various other institutions. Despite the fact that audiovisual materials contain vital historical information, they have not received the same attention as textual archives. In addressing this problem, this paper examines the challenges archivists and information professionals in Botswana are faced with in their efforts to preserve AV materials. The paper will identify various audiovisual archives of historical value and ensure that the nation’s cultural heritage is preserved. This will be done by interviewing custodians of audiovisual materials, visiting repositories and institutions where AV materials are kept to observe the collections and examining secondary data. The results will reveal various processes and methods of capturing, storing, preserving and retrieving AV materials in Botswana. The results will clearly confirm whether or not the audiovisual archives in Botswana are in danger of extinction. Based on empirical findings of the study, the paper will conclude and recommend strategies that must be put in place to preserve audiovisual archives for posterity and development.